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A. With the meaning ' not'
prefixes can be added to some words to give them a negative meaning
happy --------> unhappy
possible-------> impossible
correct--------> incorrect
like -----------> dislike (v)
legal ----------> illegal (=against the law/wrong)
regular---------> irregular
un- is most common, e.g unfriendly, unable, unusual, unnecessary, unemployed (=without a job), untidy (= not in order; also, in a mess) , unkind, unpleasant (= horrible).
in- is often used before words with a Latin origin, e.g invisible (=cannot be seen), informal, inadequate (= not good enough, e.g. The car park is inadequate for a big supermarket like that)
im- is used before some words beginning with 'm' or 'p', e.g. impolite, impossible, impatient (someone who is 'impatient' wants things to happen now; they cannot wait for things), immoral
il- can be used before 'L', e.g. illegible (= impossile to read because the writing is bad)
ir- is only used before a few words beginning with 'r', e.g. irresponsible ( vô trách nhiệm)
nghiêm cấm- is used before some adjectives, e.g. dishonest ( a 'dishonest' person is someone you cannot trust, and often does not tell truth), and a few werbs, e.g. dislike, disagree
B. Verb prefixes : un- and nghiêm cấm-
With some verbs, these prefixes can also mean ' the oppsite of an action'
The plan appeared in the sky , then suddenly disappeared behind a cloud.
I locked the door when i left, but then I lost the key and could'nt unlock it when I got back.
I got dressed (=put on my clothes) and had my breakfast.
I got undressed (= took off my clothes) and got into bed.
I had to pack my suitcase/do my packing (=put everything in it) very quickly, so when I unpacked (= took things out) at the hotel, most of my clothes looked terrible.
C. Other verb prefixes with specific meanings ( nghĩa cụ thể)
re- (=again)
The shop closed down but it'll reopen next month.
I failed my exam but I can retake/redo it next year
over- (=too much)
My boss is overdoing it at the moment (=working too hard)
I went to bed very late and i overslept (= slept too long) this morning.
The shop assistant overcharged me. (= asked me for too much money)
mis- (=badly or incorrectly)
I'm afraid I misunderstood what he said.
Two of the students misread the first question.
A. With the meaning ' not'
prefixes can be added to some words to give them a negative meaning
happy --------> unhappy
possible-------> impossible
correct--------> incorrect
like -----------> dislike (v)
legal ----------> illegal (=against the law/wrong)
regular---------> irregular
un- is most common, e.g unfriendly, unable, unusual, unnecessary, unemployed (=without a job), untidy (= not in order; also, in a mess) , unkind, unpleasant (= horrible).
in- is often used before words with a Latin origin, e.g invisible (=cannot be seen), informal, inadequate (= not good enough, e.g. The car park is inadequate for a big supermarket like that)
im- is used before some words beginning with 'm' or 'p', e.g. impolite, impossible, impatient (someone who is 'impatient' wants things to happen now; they cannot wait for things), immoral
il- can be used before 'L', e.g. illegible (= impossile to read because the writing is bad)
ir- is only used before a few words beginning with 'r', e.g. irresponsible ( vô trách nhiệm)
nghiêm cấm- is used before some adjectives, e.g. dishonest ( a 'dishonest' person is someone you cannot trust, and often does not tell truth), and a few werbs, e.g. dislike, disagree
B. Verb prefixes : un- and nghiêm cấm-
With some verbs, these prefixes can also mean ' the oppsite of an action'
The plan appeared in the sky , then suddenly disappeared behind a cloud.
I locked the door when i left, but then I lost the key and could'nt unlock it when I got back.
I got dressed (=put on my clothes) and had my breakfast.
I got undressed (= took off my clothes) and got into bed.
I had to pack my suitcase/do my packing (=put everything in it) very quickly, so when I unpacked (= took things out) at the hotel, most of my clothes looked terrible.
C. Other verb prefixes with specific meanings ( nghĩa cụ thể)
re- (=again)
The shop closed down but it'll reopen next month.
I failed my exam but I can retake/redo it next year
over- (=too much)
My boss is overdoing it at the moment (=working too hard)
I went to bed very late and i overslept (= slept too long) this morning.
The shop assistant overcharged me. (= asked me for too much money)
mis- (=badly or incorrectly)
I'm afraid I misunderstood what he said.
Two of the students misread the first question.
